I would make sure that you are refueling properly
after each training session.
Here are 3 golden tips to optimal recovery:
1. Carbohydrate taken immediately post-exercise is rapidly
stored in the muscle as glycogen - this can reduce recovery
time between sessions and improve the quality of training
during subsequent sessions. Dietary factors affecting the
rate of storage of glycogen in exercise depleted muscles include
the amount and timing of post exercise carbohydrate intake
and the type of carbohydrate feeding. The most important factor
in muscle glycogen resynthesis appears to be the amount of
carbohydrate consumed. Athletes should consume 150-300 kcal
of food (predominantly carbohydrate) as soon as possible after
exercise as a function of their weight, gender, and training
intensity. The higher glycemix index foods consumed after
exercise promote recovery of muscle glycogen stores and reduce
muscle fatigue.
2. Protein helps the muscle recover from, and adapt to, training.
Training, especially resistance training and endurance training,
has the potential to rapidly break down muscle protein. Protein
synthesis post-workout is important to repair and synthesize
new muscle cells. There is some evidence to show us that taking
protein and carbohydrate within the recovery window after
exercise may in fact be beneficial to those athletes who have
invoked much cellular damage (e.g. resistance training, endurance
training). So protein helps the muscle recover from, and adapt
to, training.
3. Nutritional supplements that contain both carbohydrate
and protein are an easy way of combining the two macronutrients
post-exercise in a convenient form. The overall effect is
to amplify the recovery process. Regardless of the type of
training that you do, taking the right combination of nutrients
is important for optimal muscle recovery. Dr. Mark Tarnopolsky,
a researcher in muscle metabolism at McMaster University in
Hamilton, Ontario, says that there is a practical use of post
exercise nutritional supplements/drinks for multiple sports
on the same day.
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Dr. Ivy and colleagues at the University of Texas, found that
consumption of carbohydrate and carbohydrate/protein supplements
within the four-hour post exercise period improved muscle
glycogen accumulation in endurance trained athletes.
The value of the combination of protein and carbohydrate to
amplify the recovery process is that the increased insulin
secretion with carbohydrate and protein may result in a greater
stimulus for muscle glycogen storage. Optimizing the muscle
glycogen storage has important implications for those athletes
that are exercising more than two hours a day or twice a day,
and strenuously at that! Since the purpose of post-exercise
feeding is to replace the muscle glycogen and protect lean
body mass ALL types of athletes should be encouraged to eat
enough, especially women. For most of them, if they eat well
over the 24 hours post exercise, that is all that is generally
required."The most important thing here is the post exercise
drink which should be carbohydrate and protein (approximately
80%-20% ratio)," says Tarnopolsky.From a weight stand point
the 150-300 kcal of food is the equivalent of about 0.8 gram/kg
of body weight of carbohydrate and 0.2 gram/kg of body weight
of protein for most athletes, immediately after exercise and
then again about 1 hour after exercise.
Some easy to obtain food choices would include low fat chocolate
milk and liquid yogurts, fruit and cheese, pasta and meat
sauces. Some sport dietitians feel that if athletes re-hydrate
post exercise with fluids and carbohydrates within the first
15 minutes and continue to replace adequate carbs every 2
hours as suggested, then the post-event meal which should
contain carbohydrate and protein should be okay. However a
pure carbohydrate drink of 1 gram/kg of body weight immediately
post exercise and again at 1 hour post-exercise would deliver
about 440 kcal for a 55 kg female. This would mean that 25%
of her daily dietary intake would be from simple sugar - no
vitamins, minerals, protein, etc - not a great nutritional
strategy in the long run.
Both male and female athletes involved in strenuous training
(more than 5 times a week, 60 minutes daily or more), have
an increase in their need for dietary protein. Fortunately,
most of the athletes get enough protein, providing they are
not energy restricting. However if athletes are energy restricting
such as in the more aesthetic sports or where body weight
has an impact upon performance (e.g. longer distance running,
triathlons, rowing) they may not be getting sufficient protein,
vitamins and minerals. Hence the added protein, vitamins and
minerals in these sport nutrition recovery drinks may be of
use. In fact, the "empty calorie" aspect of pure glucose/fructose
type drinks is their largest downfall to their long-term use
during training.
According to Tarnopolsky, the sport nutritional supplements
are useful because of their ease of transport, the knowledge
that their ratios of carbohydrate: protein are accurate, and
that they are sterile. "The convenience of these products
may be worth the higher financial cost to some athletes,"
he says.
KEY POINTS
Carbohydratetaken immediately post-exercise is rapidly stored
in the muscle as glycogen, which can reduce recovery time
between sessions and improve the quality of training during
subsequent sessions.
Protein helps the muscle recover from, and adapt to, training.
Nutritional supplementsor food choices that contain both carbohydrate
and protein are an easy way of combining the two macronutrients
post-exercise in a convenient form. The overall effect is
to amplify the recovery process.
Please note that this information is intended
to provide general information on common nutrition/physical activity/medical
topics. It is not a comprehensive medical review and does not include
all the potential medical conditions, issues, or considerations.
Therefore it cannot and should not be relied upon as a substitute
for seeing an appropriate health care professional (who can provide
individualized and comprehensive assessment and advice).
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Association for the Advancement of Women and Sport and Physical
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